The present article contains the results of study on unidirectionality of grammaticalization which is understood as a shift from lexical to grammatical signs.The research aims to find out and describe present approaches to the unidirectionality idea and identify the current tendency in attitudes towards this property of grammaticalization.The resea
Abstract Port congestion caused by ship detention is an important reason for the obstruction of the shipping supply chain.In this paper, a method of excavating the ship waiting behavior outside the port is proposed based on the automatic identification system (AIS) data and considering uncontrollable factors.Firstly, combined with the analysis of s
Cold tube drawing provides higher accuracy compared to hot approaches.The process can be used to reduce the dimensions of tubes, and depending on the reduction size, the wall thickness of these may be subject to changes.In the process, any form of variability provoked by external factors is highly sensitive, given that the GIFT CARD resulting tubes